Registration of Plant Genetic resources and their procedures, Farmers Rights- An overview

Abstract:

Germplasm registration is useful to search the new genes for incorporation in existing cultivars to ensure food and nutritional security. At the beginning of the 2000s, the Indian seed sector has been exposed to intellectual property rights (IPRs). Prior to the IPR period, public sector technologies and variants were generally in the public domain and could be accessed by anyone. The PPVFRauthority was subsequently constituted in New Delhi in 2005 and has been in operation since 2006 and provides for the protection of the intellectual property rights of plant breeders and farmers involved in the development of plant varieties. In response to this development, the Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR), the nation’s top body for agricultural research and education, established rules for the creation, commercialization, and transfer of agricultural technologies’ intellectual property in order to improve the working environment for greater innovation in the public sector. The Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR) evaluate, identifies and recommend for release of crop varieties. TRIPS Agreement says “predominantly for the supply of the domestic market”, in which the product is under compulsory licensing. Germplasm conservation is to preserve the genetic diversity of selected plants or genetic stock for its utilization at any time Reve in the future. Farmer’s varieties and registration is where a variety is registered and farmers obtain the exclusive right to produce and market it. This right recognizes the role of farmers as plant breeders and innovators Plant enetic Resources for Food and Agriculture (PGRFA) form the basis for the genetic improvement of crop species in the development of new varieties.
Keywords: PPV&FRA, germplasm registration, PGFRA, Farmers Rights, PGR