Sugarcane Clones for soil moisture stress / drought conditions of Andhra Pradesh

Byadmin

Mukunda Rao Ch1 , Rao P.S.1 , Charumathi M.2 , Adilakshmi D.2 , Chitkala Devi.T3 , Bharathalakshmi M3

Abstract:

Fifteen pre-release sugarcane clones were tested against sugarcane varieties 87A 298 and 83V 15 as checks for their suitability to early planted conditions (January planting) under moisture stress/drought at Regional Agricultural Research Station, Anakapalle during 2020-21, 2021-22, and 2022-23. Sugarcane clones tolerant to moisture stress is the need of the hour as sugarcane yields are drastically reducing due to moisture stress/drought. Field experiments were conducted with stress and non-stress treatments for the evaluation of sugarcane clones’ tolerance to soil moisture stress/drought. Among fifteen pre-release sugarcane clones tested sugarcane clones 2015A 51 (96.06 t/ha), 2015A 233 (94.14 t/ha), 2015A 183 (89.12 t/ha) and 2015A 93 (84.09 t/ha) recorded higher cane yield over other clones tested. The standards 87A 298 and 83V 15 recorded a cane yield of 73.02 t/ha and 85.076 t/ha which are lower than the superior clones. These clones also recorded significantly low SLA which indicates more photosynthetic assimilates per unit area. SPAD/SCMR values at 120 DAP under stress conditions (summer). These sugarcane clones also recorded significantly higher SPAD/SCMR values with standard 87A 298. The ancillary data denoting stress tolerance like sheath moisture per-cent, root spread area, total bio-mass production per stool under stress, and physiological parameters like leaf- proline content is also high in these sugarcane clones. Based on three years of findings, sugarcane clones 2015A 51, 2015A 233, 2015A 183 and 2015A 93 were found to be suitable for drought/soil moisture stress conditions of cane cultivation based on cane yield, ancillary data, and physiological traits in relation to moisture stress tolerance. The drought tolerance efficiency per-cent was high in 2015A 59 (92.08%) followed by 2015A 233 (89.33%) and 2015A 93 (87.98%) over other clones tested. The standards 87A 298 and 83V 15 recorded a drought tolerance efficiency per cent of 72.27and 67.52 respectively.
Keywords: Moisture stress/drought/limited irrigations, CSI (Chlorophyll Stability Index), SPAD/SCMR, leaf proline, cane yield, Membrane injury index, percent juice sucrose, root spread area, Number of millable canes and Fibre per cent.

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